不同品系大鼠哮喘模型的比较

Comparasion of asthma models in rats of different breeds

目的比较不同品系大鼠哮喘模型的表现特征。方法用卵蛋白和氢氧化铝诱导DA、DA.1u、E3、DE和SD品系大鼠哮喘模型,比较它们的肺指数,迟发超敏反应,肺泡灌洗液中的白细胞数、嗜酸粒细胞所占比例,血清中的一氧化氮、IgE含量,肺组织病理变化和叶支气管内皮素B受体的收缩功能、β受体的舒张功能。结果E3、DE和SD哮喘模型大鼠的耳廓肿胀度均显著增高,E3哮喘大鼠的肺泡灌洗液中的嗜酸细胞、血清中IgE显著增加、β受体介导的支气管舒张功能下降;E3和SD哮喘大鼠内皮素B受体介导的支气管收缩功能增强。其余品系大鼠的指标有变化趋势,但差异无显著性。各品系哮喘大鼠的肺指数、肺泡灌洗液中的白细胞数、血清中NO含量的变化均无显著性差异。结论DA、DA.1u、E3、DE和SD品系大鼠哮喘模型的各指标均有不同程度变化,而E3大鼠的变化最为突出,与人类哮喘病理生理变化相似。

Objective To compare the phenomenal characteristics of asthma models in 5-breed rats. Methods The asthma models in DA, DAlu, E3, DE and SD rats were prepared by ovalbumin （OVA） and aluminum hydroxide （Alum）. The lung index, delayed-type hypersensitivity, the number of leukocytes and eosinophil ratio in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, serum IgE and NO levels, pathological changes of lung tissues, contraction function of bronchal ETa receptor agonist, and dilation function mediated by β-receptor were examined. Results Ear swelling became obviously increased in E3, DE and SD asthma rats. The ratio of eosinophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and serum IgE increased, and dilatation function of bronchi mediated by β-receptor decreased obviously in E3 asthma rats. The contraction function of bronchi mediated by ETa receptor increased in E3 and SD asthma rats. No significant changes in lung index, the number of leukocytes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, or serum NO level were found in the 5-breed asthma rats. Conclusion The phenomenal characteristics altered in DA, DA. lu, E3, DE and DS asthma model rats. The changes were most obvious in E3 rats, which is similar to human allergic asthma in pathophysiology.