细节决定质量:谈功能性咬合接触的临床意义

Quality comes from exactitude:The role of functional occlusal contact in dentistry

咬合是指上、下颌牙的接触关系,它是一个三维关系,其中垂直向咬合接触关系包括了上、下颌牙面凸凹结构之间在牙尖交错的静态接触以及各种咬合运动中的协调、吻合的动态接触关系,它直接影响着咬合功能。然而目前尚缺乏垂直向咬合接触的正常形态标准,临床上仍然主要以近远中向(一牙对二牙)以及唇(颊)舌向关系正常的咬合形态标准作为咬合治疗的正常标准。建立满足功能需求的、个体化的垂直向咬合接触正常标准,是目前学研究的核心内容之一。

Occlusion is a term for the contact relation between upper and lower dentitions.It is a three dimensional relationship.The vertical occlusal contact relation includes convex-to-concave contact relation between structures on occlusal surfaces of the upper and lower teeth at status of intercuspal occlusion,as well as that during protrusion,retrusion and lateral excursive movements.Occluding function depends on the contact condition of occlusion.However,the morphological criterion of the vertical occlusal contact is still lacking.Widely practical criterion for dental treatment includes only mesial-distal relation,such as one-to-two teeth contact relation between upper and low dentitions,and labial/buccal-lingual relation,such as over jet and over bite.To establish a vertical occlusal contact criterion that meets the need for individual occlusal treatment is one of the main subjects in Occlusion field.