汽车空气弹簧橡胶气囊的结构分析方法

Structural Analysis Method of Automotive Air-spring Rubber Air-bag

为研究一套汽车空气弹簧橡胶气囊的结构分析方法,对橡胶气囊几何模型进行了简化,进而以薄膜理论、网格理论以及层合板理论为理论依据,推导出橡胶气囊薄膜内力、应力、应变、帘线力和变形位移等计算公式。为橡胶气囊的结构分析和强度校核奠定了理论基础。为检验所提出的结构分析方法的精确度和有效性,以一汽车悬架用空气弹簧为实例,计算其变形和帘线力。为了进行比较,还对该空气弹簧结构建立了三维有限元模型,并用非线性有限元软件ABAQUS进行有限元数值分析。这两种方法的计算结果综合比较表明,所提出的结构分析方法不仅预测结果精确,而且大大节省计算量。

To study the structural analysis method of automotive air-spring rubber air-bag, the geometric model of air-spring rubber air-bag is simplified. Then, the equations of internal force, stress, strain, cord force and deformation displacement of the rubber air-bag membrane are derived on the basis of membrane theory, netting theory and laminated plate theory, thus laying a theoretical basis for the structural analysis and strength check of rubber air-bag. To assess the accuracy and validity of the proposed structural analysis method, an air-spring used on a vehicle suspension is taken as an example, its deformation and cord force are calculated. For the purpose of comparison, a 3D finite element model of this air-spring is built, and its numerical analysis is carried out by using nonlinear finite element software ABAQUS. Comprehensive comparison of the calculation results of the two methods shows that the proposed structural analysis method not only predicts accurately, but also saves a great deal of calculation.