颅内静脉血栓形成的临床特点分析

Analysis of clinical characters in patients with cerebral venous thrombosis

目的探讨颅内静脉血栓形成(CVT)的病因、临床特点、诊断、治疗。方法回顾性分析12例CVT患者的临床资料,并结合文献分析。结果12例CVT患者中8例病因明确,临床表现以头痛伴恶心呕吐、视乳头水肿为主,脑脊液(CSF)检查以压力升高为主要特点,D-二聚体(DD)检查有62.5%的患者高于正常,CT主要表现局限性脑梗死及脑水肿,MRI联合MRV表现静脉窦闭塞者占91.7%,病因及脱水、溶栓、抗凝治疗疗效较好。结论CVT临床表现复杂多样,产褥期、感染、白塞病可继发CVT,MRI和MRV相结合诊断率高,肝素抗凝为首选治疗。

Objective To probe the causes, clinical manifestation, diagnosis and treatments of cerebral venous thrombosis （CVT）. Methods Clinical data were reviewed in 12 CVT patients. Results Among the 12 cases, 8 had clear causes. Headache accompanied with nausea and vomiting was prominent in Clinical symptoms. Pressure of CSF all increased obviously. 62. 5 % of the results of DD were high. CT abnormalities mainly showed local cerebral infarction and brain edema. MRI combined with MRA showed 91.7% patients with cerebral venous sinus occlusions. Treatments of dehydration, anticoagulation, thrombolysis and etiology on CVT patients were effective. Conclusions Diverse manifestations are seen in CVT, which can develop from puerperium.infection and Behcet disease. MRI and MRV is sensitive for the diagnosis of CVT. Anticoagula- tion is the first line treatment for it.