北京山区沟域经济发展的空间组织模式

The Spatial Structure of Valley Economy Development in the Mountainous Areas of Beijing

沟域经济是山区发展的新模式,基本涵盖了沟域发展的各个层面,是独具山区发展特色的经济地理形态。以沟域为载体的山区要素布局的空间耦合关系是山区发展的新命题,理论与现实意义重大。结合多年的山区发展研究,在初步探讨了沟域经济的内涵和空间组织过程的基础上,分析了北京山区沟域经济发展的现状,并对北京沟域经济发展的空间布局特征指向及其影响进行了研究,最后建立了沟域经济空间组织的合理模式框架。研究认为,沟域经济对北京山区新时期的发展转型作用重大,首先它不以行政区域界限为边界,基本串联了山区的大部分村庄,并与主要交通线走向重合,因此至少能在山区产业结构调整、城乡统筹发展等方面会对山区发展产生积极影响。其次,通过分析认为目前北京山区沟域经济发展正处于第二次集中型空间组织阶段,资源节约、环境友好、产业优化是这一阶段的特点,因此北京沟域经济的发展一定程度上有助于协调好山区生态保护与经济发展的关系,促进山区的综合开发。北京山区沟域经济发展模式的成功实践一方面支持了北京山区功能转型的战略决策,另一方面也为其他山区发展提供了借鉴和指导意义。

Valley economy, featured by valley development, is a new mode in mountainous area development, and prenents a distinguishing economic geographic pattern. The special spatial coupling relations in the distribution of different mountainous elements in valleys are new subjects for the mountain development studies, and such studies are meaningful both for researches and practices. Based on the long term researches on mountainous area development and following a brief exploration into the connotations and the spatial organizing process of valley economy, the authors analyzed the present situations of the development of valley economy in Beijing＇s mountainous areas, studied the characteristics and the impacts of the spatial structural changes of the valley economy in these areas, and finally proposed a rational arrangement of the spatial structure of the valley economy in Beijing. It is indicated that valley economy plays an important role in the development and functional transformation in Beijing in the new stage. Firstly, valley economy is not outlined by the administrative boundaries, and it connects most of the villages in the mountainous areas along the major transportation lines. Therefore, valley economy can exert positive influence on the development of the mountainous areas, at least in the aspects such as industrial restructuring in the mountainous areas and the coordinated development of rural and urban areas. In addition, it is found that the valley economy of Beijing has evolved in a spatial organizing stage of secondary concentration, which is characterized by resource-saving, ecological protection and industrial optimization. Therefore, the development of valley economy will be helpful to the coordination between ecological protection and economic development in the mountainous areas, and will promote the comprehensive development of these areas. The developing mode of the valley economy in the mountainous areas of China will provide the basis for the decision-making in the transformation of the functional roles of the mountainous areas of Beijing, and on the other hand, it will present experiences for the studies in the mountainous areas outside Beijing.