高山红景天有性生殖过程及濒危原因的生态学分析

ECOLOGICAL ANALYSIS ON SEXUAL REPRODUCTIVE PRODUCE AND ENDANGERED REASON OF RHODIOLA SACHALINENSIS

研究了高山红景天（Ｒｈｏｄｉｏｌａｓａｃｈａｌｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ）的生殖生态学特性，并探讨了其致濒的原因。高山红景天花药具４个小孢子囊，腺质绒毡层，初生造孢细胞直接行小孢子母细胞功能，小孢子四分体呈四面体形，小孢子形成初期有败育现象，成熟花粉２细胞，有二种类型花粉。胚珠倒生，大孢子四分体线形排列，功能大孢子位于合点端，胚囊发育属蓼型。高山红景天花粉败育是其濒危的内因，恶劣的生境条件及其大规模人工采挖是其濒危的主要原因。

The characteristics of Reproductive Ecology was studied and discussed the endangered reason of Rhodiola sachalinensis. There are four sporangiates in the anthers of this species, and the tapetum was of the glandular type. The primary sporogenous cells functioned directly as microspore mother cells. Tetrads were tetrahedral, and mature pollen grains contained two cells. There are some microsporophytes infertile during their occurrence and two types of mature pollen. Ovules were anatropous. The terad of megaspores was linear, with the first cell from the chalazal end being functional. The development of embryo sacs belongs to the polygonum type. Pollen infertile is one of the internal causes for endangerment, the external factors are the adverse environment and it's over-collected by people.