阿拉善荒漠特有植物沙冬青濒危原因的研究

STUDY ON THE ENDANGERED REASONS OF AMMOPIPTANTHUS MONGOLICUS IN THE DESERT OF ALASHAN

本文通过对阿拉善荒漠特有的，并且是唯一的常绿阔叶灌木沙冬青的野外调查，并结合自然分布区的环境条件和种子发芽试验，探讨了造成沙冬青濒危的原因。研究表明，生态环境的恶化和落地种子不易获得适宜生长发育的条件是造成其衰落、稀有的重要原因；繁殖材料的缺乏是造成种群老化的原因之一，此外，还从地质历史变迁和人类活动的影响方面论证了沙冬青既是自然稀有种，又是人为稀有种，并由此提出了对其有效保护的一些措施。

The rare and endangered plant Ammopiptanthus mongolicus is a kind of evergreen broadleaved shrub endemic to the desert in Alashan. Now the plant is under the third-grade priority protection of the state and the second-grade in Inner Mongolia. This paper deals with temperature, illumination, moisture and soil in the ecological environment in the distribution region of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus , and has made experiments in seeds of germinating. As a result of analysis and study, the declining reasons of the endangered plant, such as climatic and geological changes, human-related activities, as well as the rareness of falling seeds capable of germinating, and the difficulty for the seeds to get the suitable conditions to gowth have been found. In view of the above results, we suggested the conservation should be started at once, besides, some measures for effectively preserving this species are proposed.