流动儿童学业表现的影响因素——从教育期望、教育投入和学习投入角度分析

Influence Factors upon Migrant Children's School Performance

采用整群抽样的方法对北京打工子弟学校流动儿童、公立学校流动儿童、公立学校本地儿童进行问卷调查,探讨教育期望、教育投入、学习投入对流动儿童学业表现的影响。研究发现:(1)在父母教育投入与自己的学习投入、学业表现上,三类儿童存在显著差异,公立学校本地儿童在父母教育投入上得分最高,而公立学校流动儿童在自己学习投入和学业表现上得分最高,打工子弟学校流动儿童各项得分都最低;(2)三类儿童自己的教育期望与感知到的父母的教育期望存在显著差异,儿童感知到的父母的教育期望显著高于儿童对自己的教育期望;(3)教育期望差和父母教育投入影响流动儿童的学业表现:期望差越大,父母教育投入越多,流动儿童的学业表现越好;(4)流动儿童学习投入在教育期望差、父母教育投入和自己的学业表现之间起到完全中介的作用。

The present study aims to explore the effects of （i） the educational expectation discrepancy between parents and children, （ii） the parental educational investment, and （iii） the school involvement on the performance of the migrant children in Beijing so as to observe if there is any significant difference. Three types of subjects were investigated in the study： migrant children in private schools and public schools, and local children in public schools. The results are as follows. First, a significant difference exists among the three types of subjects in regard to the three factors. Second, children＇s perceived parental educational expectation is significantly higher than their own. Third, the influence of educational expectation and parental invvestment on school performance is also significant： The performance is better with bigger discrepancy and more investment within specific scope. Finally, children＇s school involvement can be a completely mediate factor.