植物蛋白酶抑制剂在植物抗虫与抗病中的作用

Roles of Plant Proteinase Inhibitors in the Resistance of Plant Against Insects and Pathogens

综述了植物蛋白酶抑制剂抗虫与抗病作用的研究进展．蛋白酶抑制剂广泛存在于植物体内，与植物抗虫抗病密切相关．植物蛋白酶抑制剂能抑制昆虫肠道蛋白酶，使昆虫生长发育缓慢，甚至死亡．但取食蛋白酶抑制剂后，昆虫能迅速分泌对抑制剂不敏感的蛋白酶，而使蛋白酶抑制剂无效．食物蛋白的含量和质量也影响植物蛋白酶抑制剂的抗虫效果．病原菌的感染能诱导植物产生蛋白酶抑制剂，诱导产生的蛋白酶抑制剂能抑制病原菌的生长．

Proteinase inhibitors are widely distributed in the plant kingdom and associated with the resistance of plant against insects and pathogens. Ingestion of some plant proteinase inhibitors in the artificial diet can retard the growth and development of insects, even cause the insects dead. Transgenic plants of proteinase inhibitors derived from plants definitely show effects of insectresistance. Insects can reduce the growth and development inhibition by secreting gut proteinases that insensitive to plant proteinase inhibitors existed in the diet. The quantity and quality of food proteins are very important in dictating the antinutritional effects of plant proteinase inhibitors on insects. Plant proteinase inhibitors can be induced by the infection of many plant pathogens, and the growth of microorganism isolated from the spoiled tissues can be inhibited by the induced plant proteinase inhibitors. Progress in the roles of plant proteinase inhibitors in the resistant mechanism of plant against insects and pathogens was reviewed.