家庭功能与青少年问题行为关系的追踪研究

A Longitudinal Study of the Relationship between Family Functioning and Adolescent Problematic Behaviors

选取北京市三所中学620名初一和初二的学生为被试,采用追踪调查的方式,先后两次(间隔为九个月)让被试报告其家庭功能和问题行为,以探讨青少年家庭功能和问题行为的发展变化情况,以及家庭功能与青少年问题行为的因果关系。研究发现:(1)青少年的家庭功能和问题行为均存在一定的稳定性,但在任务完成、沟通和卷入方面存在变化,均为后测功能不如前测功能;而危害健康行为随着年龄的增长呈显著下降趋势。(2)家庭功能的每个方面均与青少年问题行为呈显著相关,即家庭功能发挥越好,青少年的问题行为也相应越少。(3)交叉滞后回归分析的结果表明,在更大程度上是家庭功能影响着少年的问题行为,进一步回归分析表明,家庭功能中的卷入维度对青少年问题行为具有显著的预测作用。

This longitudinal study investigated 620 subjects twice （9 months in between） from three middle schools in Beijing to explore the developments of adolescent family functioning and problematic behaviors, as long as the causal effect between family functioning and problematic behaviors. The results indicated as follows： （ 1 ） both family functioning and problematic behaviors of the subjects existed stability to some extent; however, some aspects in family functioning such as task accomplishments, communication and affective involvement got worse by time, and health endangered behaviors declined by time; （2） family functioning was significantly correlated to adolescent problematic behaviors, which meant that the better family functioning, the less problematic behaviors; （3） the cross - lagged regression analysis indicated that family functioning caused adolescent problematic behaviors, and affective involvement in family functioning significantly predicted adolescent problematic behaviors.