九种沙生灌木水分关系参数的实验测定及生态意义

EXPERIMENTAL MEASUREMENT OF THE WATER RELATIONS PARAMETERS OF NINE SHRUBS AND SOME ECOLOGICAL INTERPRETATIONS

以压力容积（ＰＶ）技术测定了毛乌素沙地９种灌木的水分关系参数。结果表明，沙生及荒漠灌木水分关系参数有较大的变异性，并且有些参数对不同灌木的生态适应性具有一定的指示意义。两种荒漠灌木四合木（ＴｅｔｒａｅｎａｍｏｎｇｏｌｉｃａＭａｘｉｍ．）及霸王（Ｚｙｇｏｐｈｙｌｕｍｘａｎｔｈｏｘｙｌｏｎ（Ｂｇｅ．）Ｍａｘｉｍ．）具有很强的干旱适应性，其它的多数沙生灌木则表现出多样的适应性。沙柳（ＳａｌｉｘｐｓａｍｍｏｐｈｉｌａＣ．ＷａｎｇｅｔＣｈ．Ｙ．Ｙａｎｇ）、油蒿（ＡｒｔｅｍｉｓｉａｏｒｄｏｓｉｃａＫｒａｓｃｈ．）、中间锦鸡儿（ＣａｒａｇａｎａｉｎｔｅｒｍｅｄｉａＫｕａｎｇｅｔＨ．Ｃ．Ｆｕ）及沙冬青（Ａｍｍｏｐｉｐｔａｎｔｈｕｓｍｏｎｇｏｌｉｃｕｓ（Ｍａｘｉｍ）ＣｈｅｎｇＦ．）在一些重要的参数上比较接近，它们的ψπ，ｐ处在－１．４～－２．４ＭＰａ之间，Ｖｐ／Ｖｏ处于６２％～７６％之间，然而其它３种沙生灌木沙地柏（ＳａｂｉｎａｖｕｌｇａｒｉｓＡｎｔ．）、蒙古岩黄芪（ＨｅｄｙｓａｒｕｍｍｏｎｇｏｌｉｃｕｍＴｕｒｃｚ．）及籽蒿（ＡｒｔｅｍｉｓｉａｓｐｈａｅｒｏｃｅｐｈａｌａＫｒａｓｃｈ．）在干旱适应性方面则表现出相当的特殊?

Determination of some water relations parameters of 9 shrubs with the Pressurevolume technique has shown that there were considerable variations in the water relations parameters of different shrubs and that some parameters were indicative for their adaptations to the ecological conditions. It has been found that two desert shrubs, Tetraena mongolica Maxim. and Zygophyllum xanthoxylon (Bge.) Maxim., exhibited strong ability of drought tolerance, whereas the typical sandy shrubs were quite diverse in adaptation strategy. Salix psammophila C. Wang et Ch. Y. Yang, Artemisia ordosica Krasch., Caragana intermedia Kuang et H.C.Fu and Ammopiptanthus mongolicus (Maxim.) were more or less close to each other in water relations parameters. Their ψπ,p ranged from -1.4 MPa to -2.4 MPa, and Vp/Vo lay between 62% and 76%. However, some special features of adaptation were found in the other three species, e.g., Sabina vulgaris Ant., Hedysarum mongolicum Turcz. and Artemisia sphaerocephala Krasch.