臭蜣螂唇基切土减阻的力学分析

Mechanical Analysis of Clypeus Surface of Dung Beetle(Copris ochus Motschulsky) in Soil-cutting Resistance Reduction

对臭蜣螂头部的激光三维扫描点云进行简化处理,在三维坐标系中建立垂直平面截取部分唇基实体,并将其简化为三面楔模型,进行不同运动方向的受力分析。结果表明,在臭蜣螂挖土打洞过程中唇基有利的挖土切割方式主要为滑移切割,这种切割方式基于唇基天然的优化形状,即半圆形的刃口形状和特定的曲面变化。并发现唇基曲面形状对减小挖掘阻力具有重要作用。最后分析了臭蜣螂唇基潜在的仿生应用,其天然优化的形状和切割角的自动调节可指导地面机械的仿生设计。

The 3-D point data of the ctypeus surface of the dung beetle （Copris ochus Motschulsky） were simplified, and a 3-section wedge model was used for analyzing the applied force of the half clypeus surface in several directions. It was found that the advantageous mode of the clypeus in soil cut is the sliding cutting as a result of the optimized geometrical configuration of the clypeus of the dung beetle, through evolution over millions of years, which plays an important role in cutting resistance reduction of the clypeus. The potential applications of the clypeus in bionic cutting resistance reduction were analyzed.