摘要
1947年《缅甸联邦宪法》的经济指导原则反映了民族主义精英对独立后缅甸发展战略的构想,即以国有经济为基础对西方国家进行赶超。该战略尤其在奈温时期得到了强化。由于政府垄断了国内国际贸易,价格扭曲,资源配置不当,国有经济大多效率低下,缺乏竞争力,私有经济发展受到限制,因而经济增长多年在低水平徘徊。缅甸选择发展战略的错误,使其未能发挥比较优势,建立市场经济体制,这是缅甸现代化挫折的根本原因。
The guiding principles of state economy in the 1947 Constitution voiced the nationalist elites＇ contemplation of Myanmar＇s development strategy after its independence ： to catch up the western nations on the base of stateowned enterprises. The strategy was greatly pushed forward during the Ne Win period. The state-controlled trading system, deviant pricing setup, and inequitable resource allocation resulted in unefficient enterprises along with pent-up private sector. The pitfalls in the catch-up strategy faltered Myanmar＇s modernization setback.
出处
《东南亚研究》
CSSCI
2009年第5期15-20,共6页
Southeast Asian Studies
关键词
缅甸
1947年宪法
发展战略
Myanmar
The 1947 Constitution
Development Strategy
