栽培因子对朝天罐繁殖生长的影响研究

The Study of Cultural Factors on the Growth of Osbeckia opipara

目的:本文研究了极具观赏价值的野生花卉--朝天罐的栽培技术,为发挥其园林价值,丰富我国的花卉种类,提高花卉市场竞争力打下基础。方法:采用温室栽培和露地坪栽试验进行研究,测定其生理生化指标。结果:盆栽情况下,最合适的基质为泥炭土+蛭石(2:1)和腐殖土+蛭石(2:1),地栽时,N:P:K=1.4:1.2:1的肥料配比较为理想,腐殖土对朝天罐试管苗的生长最为适合。年生长期内,朝天罐盆栽根系活力明显低于地栽。春季,盆栽与地栽朝天罐根系中淀粉含量下降,但盆栽根系中淀粉和可溶性糖均高于地栽朝天罐。秋季,盆栽朝天罐根系中淀粉和可溶性糖均低于地栽朝天罐。年生长期内,盆栽朝天罐根系中游离氨基酸含量始终高于地栽朝天罐,可溶性蛋白质含量始终低于地栽朝天罐。结论:在最佳培养条件下(泥炭土+蛭石(2:1)和腐殖土+蛭石(2:1)),盆栽朝天罐的成苗率达96%,露地坪栽也取的了较好的结果,完全可实现规模化发展。

Objective： In this paper, the cultivation techniques of Osbeckia opipara was studied to fulfill the landscape value of Osbeckia opipara, enrich China flowers varieties, provide the foundation for improving the competitiveness of China flowers market. And Osbeckia opipara is a wild flower which has great ornamental value. Methods： Osbeckia opipara was planted in pot and field, the different physiological and biochemical indexes were measured. Results： The most suitable substrate of Osbeckia opipara grown in pot is the peat soil ＋ vermiculite （2：1） and the humus ＋ vermiculite （2： 1）. And the best proportion of N, P and K is 1.4： 1.2：1 for Osbeckia opipara field planted, humus is the most suitable substrate. In annual growth period, the root vigor of pot planted was significantly lower than field planted. In spring, root starch content and solubility glucose of Osbeckia opipara in pot planted is lower than field planted, but root starch content and solubility glucose ofOsbeckia opipara in pot planted is higher than in field planted on autumn. In annual growth period, free amino acids in the roots ofOsbeckia opipara pot planted is always higher than field planted, while the soluble protein content pot planted was always lower than field planted. Conclusions： Under the culture conditions of peat soil ＋ vermiculite （2：1） and the humus ＋ vermiculite （2： 1）, the seedling rate ofOsbeckia opipara which planted in pot can be reached to 96%, and the field planted Osbeckia opipara obtained a good result. So, Osbeckia opipara can be planted in a large scale.