论马克思主义哲学研究中实践概念的三个层次

On the Three-fold Understandings of the Concept "Practice" in the Field of Research about Marxism Philosophy

实践概念有三个不同层次的含义。在以往的马克思主义哲学研究中,我们只发现了经验的实践概念和道德的实践概念。以经验的实践概念为基础的马克思哲学体系以物质本体论为前提,会导致禁欲主义和专制主义。卢卡奇、施密特和高清海以道德的实践概念为基础重新反思马克思哲学的本质,这对于破除禁欲主义和专制主义,重建主体性,起到伟大而积极的作用。由于他们缺乏对历史性本身的思辨的澄明,使得他们的实践概念仍然是不纯粹的,而建立思辨的实践概念并在此基础上重构马克思哲学就成为我们今天的马克思哲学研究者的一项必要和迫切的任务。

One can distinguish a three-fold understandings of the concept ＂practice.＂ We only find practice in empirical sense and practice in moral sense after consulting all of the past Marxism philosophy documents.The Marxism philosophy system rooting in the former concept bases on material ontology,which will leads to asceticism and absolutism. Georg Lukacs, Alfred Schmidt and Gao Qinghai reorganize the nature of Marx＇s philosophy in the view of the latter concept,which greatly and positively acts on exploding asceticism and absolutism and rebuilding subjectivity.But,because of the absence of the speculative explanations to historicality ,their concepts about practice aren＇t pure.So,building a kind of practic in speculative sense and rebuilding Marx philosophy grounded on the practic in speculative sense is a necessary and pressing task for our Marxism philosophy scholar today.