美国危机管理的特点与局限性

The Promise and Peril of Crisis Management in U.S.A

自1905年国会把灾害援助制度化以后,美国危机管理在公共行政方面已经经历了100多年的发展。法律不断完善,行政体系不断合理,经济调控直接援助灾前防御和灾后援助,积极邀请科研机构合作,并且不断提升民众危机意识等特点为美国政府应对危机提供了制度化和科学化的保障。这些经验对于我国具有极其重要的借鉴价值。

Crisis management in America has developed over 100 years on the terms of public administration since the Congress had the natural disaster aid institutionalized in 1905. The response to crisis is characterized by the fact that the relevant laws has been gradually completed, the administrative system has become more rational, economic adjustment has directly aided the hazard mitigation and hazard relief with the cooperation with the scientific institutes and promotion of public awareness of crisis, which guarantee the crisis management in U.S.A. The experience and lessons from the American government constitute the significant reference to China.