试论兼语短语的语义结构

About V_1 N V_2 Semantic Structure

动宾和主谓套叠而成的兼语短语有V1、N、V2和C(Connection)四个基本语义成分,前三者是显性的,C则是隐性因子。因此,V1NV2的语义结构是多元、多层、非直线型的复式结构。V1NV2的语义结构类型由V1N和NV2的语义关联(即C)决定。V1NV2的语义结构类型主要有目的结果、原因、领有存在、称呼解释四类。从V1NV2的语义情况观察,V1NV2结构是语义表达精细化和语言的经济性原则共同要求的结果。

There are four basic semantic components of V1, N, V2, and C （connection） in V1NV2 of verb-object and subject-predicate, of which V1, N, and V2 are overt while C is covert, and therefore V1NV2 semantic structure is a multi-element, multi-level, non-linear compound structure, and it is determined by the semantic connection between V1 N and N V2, of which the main types are purpose-consequence, cause, possession and existence, and address and interpretation. From the perspective of semantics, it is a result of the two important principles of elaborate expression and economical expression.