电镀废水农业灌溉区重金属污染特征

Characteristics of heavy metal contamination in agricultural irrigation area with stainless steel electroplating water

以粤东潮州市彩塘不锈钢电镀区小流域为例,分析了电镀废水、电镀废水污染河流水以及电镀污水灌溉区的农田土壤和农作物的重金属累积状况。结果表明:电镀废水污染河流水的Pb、Zn、Cd、Cu、Cr、Cr、Ni含量分别为0.94、1.76、0.03、1.78、0.36、0.27、0.21mg/L,均超过了地表水环境质量Ⅲ类标准。采用该河流水进行灌溉后,耕地土壤重金属含量增加,除Cd以外,其他重金属含量均未超过二类土壤环境质量标准,但土壤重金属生物有效性增加;电镀废水灌溉区种植的农作物积累的Pb、Cd、Ni分别超过了食品卫生标准的11.2～16.7倍、0～3.6倍、11.2～16.7倍。

Distribution characteristics of heavy metals pollution of electroplating waste water, agricultural soil and crops were investigated in Caitang town,Chao Zhou city, Guangdong province. The results shoued that Pb, Zn, Cd, Cu, Cr, Ni concentrations in surface water were 0.94, 1.76, 0.03, 1.78, 0.36, 0.27 mg/L and 0.21 mg/L, respectively, which were all more than III class of surface water environmental quality standard. The contents of heavy metals increased with long periods of irrigation by surface water, while the concentrations of heavy metals except Cd were lower than Ⅱ class of soil environmental quality standard. Pb, Cd and Ni concentrations were 11.2-16.7, 0-3.6 and 11.2-16.7 times more than food hygiene standards, respectively.