等位基因杂合子现象及其在系统发育学分析中的研究概述

Intra-individual allele heterozygotes in phylogenetic analysis

系统发育研究已是澄清所有进化历史问题的必由之路。选择合适的分子标记以及最大限度地挖掘和利用其所包含的系统发育信息是构建可靠的系统发育树的关键。等位基因杂合子(Intra-individual allele heterozygotes,IIAHs)是核基因内含子作为系统发育研究中的分子标记时常常出现的现象。如何挖掘并利用其中所包含的系统发育信息成为近年来系统发育学的研究热点。文章从此现象的产生、杂合子的分离以及现有的研究方法3个方面详尽概述,阐述了IIAHs及其在系统发育分析中的最新研究进展。

The study of evolutionary relationships among organisms is vital in evolutionary biology. To reconstruct a reliable species phylogeny, one of the most important issues is to choose proper molecular markers and take full advantage of phylogenetic information contained in these markers. Intra-individual allele heterozygotes （IIAHs） have been commonly detected in intron phylogenetic studies. How to incorporate IIAHs into phylogenetic framework has been a focus in current studies. In this review, the conception, isolation, and analytic methods of IIAHs in phylogeny were summarized.