不同软硬度床褥对睡眠质量的影响

Quality of sleep,as influenced by mattresses with various degree of firmness

目的:研究不同软硬度床褥对睡眠质量的影响。方法:选择健康成年志愿者30例(其中男17例,女13例;年龄28—52岁),在相同实验室分别接受3个夜晚的睡眠测试。每晚使用不同软硬度床褥,依次是弹簧、木板及海绵床褥。使用人体压力测试系统及红外线摄像仪观测测试者睡眠过程中安稳程度(身体转身或较大幅度的活动次数)、睡眠时身体各部压力分布、身体与床褥接触面积等指标。在每次测试的次日早晨起床后,测试者接受包括《睡眠质量表》及《睡醒起床自我感觉量表》的睡眠质量评估,并进行量化评分。结果:①使用弹簧床褥后测试者睡眠质量评分总分值比使用木板及海绵床褥的高(P<0.05)。②使用弹簧床褥时测试者身体大动的次数比使用木板和海绵床垫的少(P<0.05)。③使用弹簧床褥时,测试者臀部、肩胛部及腰部所受的压力及承托力比使用木板及海绵床褥时更加合理。④不论是仰卧位侧卧位、使用弹簧床褥时,测试者身体与床褥接触面积均适中,居于使用木板或海绵床褥之间。结论:床褥的软硬度直接影响睡眠的质量。与偏硬的木板床褥和偏软的海绵床褥相比,软硬适中的弹簧床褥较有利于获得良好的睡眠。

Objective： To investigate the various effects of the mattresses with different firmness on sleep quality. Method： Thirty healthy subjects （17 men, 13 women, 28 to 52 years old） volunteered for the experiment spending three consecutive nights in the same bedroom. Each subject was asked to sleep in turn on three mattresses with different firmness with one type for one night, including innerspring mattress, wooden board mattress and sponge mattress. Ergocheck Measuring System and Infrared Video Camera were used to detect the body movement, body mattress interface pressure and body mattress interface area during sleep. For every test session, each subject accepted sleep quality evaluation with Sleep Quality Questionnaire（SQQ） and Self-feeling Scale of Sleep（SFSS） next morning. Result： ① When using innerspring mattress the scores of SQQ and SFSS of the subjects were superior to those when using board mattress or sponge mattress（P〈0.05）.②The amount of body movement of the subjects were less when using innerspring mattress than that when using board mattress or sponge mattress （P〈0.05）. ③The pressure and support of the buttocks, scapular and low back of the subjects to the mattress showed more desirable when using innerspring mattress than those when using board mattress or sponge mattress. ④No matter lying on the back or on the side, the body mattress interface area on the innerspring mattress showed more acceptable, which was between the values on the board mattress and on the sponge mattress. Conclusion： The firmness of a mattress may affect the quality of sleep directly. An innerspring mattress with medium firmness could help the sleeper enjoy a better sleep than the hard board mattress and the soft sponge mattress.