环境因素对弥尔顿创作《失乐园》的影响

Environment Effects on Milton’s Paradise Lost

弥尔顿是17世纪英国最伟大的革命诗人之一。他的著作中最出名的就是无韵体史诗《失乐园》。本文通过分析作者所处的个人和社会环境对这部作品的巨大影响来说明作品中体现的作者的人生观,政治观和宗教观等。清教徒的出身使得弥尔顿写作时取材于圣经,创造了全新的上帝和撒旦以及众天使的形象;良好的教育背景使他信奉真理自由而质疑权威,并化身撒旦鼓励亚当夏娃求知,反抗上帝的权威;对资产阶级的支持又驱使他将撒旦塑造成一个推翻上帝这个"暴君"的领袖。

Milton was one of the greatest English revolutionary poets in the 17th century, best-known for his epic poem Paradise Lost （1667） written with black verse. Both the personal and social environment where he lived made a great contribution to the exhibition of his perception on love, politics, religion and so on in the poem. Being a Christian himself, Milton borrowed the image of God, Satan and the angels from the Bible. Good education teaches him to be a freedom-believer and an authority-deftant, which is in turn reflected on the role of Satan. The support of capitalists promotes him into shaping Satan as a leader against the ＂Tyrant＂ God.