面元细分处理资料的分辨率定量评价

The quantitative evaluation of resolution for bin-divisible seismic data

本文以永新工区高精度采集的地震资料为例,对高精度勘探的面元细分方法及细分处理资料的分辨率进行了评价。首先给出了面元细分的方法及面元细分对地震资料分辨率的影响,介绍了现有的一些分辨率计算方法;对于纵向分辨率,主要从传统薄层分辨率和高截频两个方面进行了讨论;对于横向分辨率,从菲涅耳带半径、防空间假频、Lindsey分辨率定义、考虑偏移孔径的分辨率等4个方面进行了分析、比较。通过研究得出了有一定借鉴意义的结论:①在现有常规检波器条件下,面元细分处理对地震资料的分辨率影响较小,其变化不大;②在单道记录信噪比已较高的情况下,想通过提高覆盖次数来提高资料的分辨率,其提升空间有限;③就横向分辨率而言,考虑偏移孔径的计算方法,结果比较准确;④对于东部地区,从性价比上考虑,覆盖次数150～200已能满足要求,太高的覆盖次数没有本质上改进资料的质量。

This article analyzes the research of bin-divisible about high precision seismic exploration and evaluates the resolution of processed seismic data in YongXin area. Firstly, the method of bin-divisiblehas been shown and some methods of resolution calculation are recommended and some effects of bin-divisible are demonstrated. For vertical resolution, the main rules are traditional laminar layer （λ/4） and high cutoff frequency. For horizontal resolution, there are a lot of evaluation rules, such as Fresnel zone radius, spatial alias, definition of Lindsey resolution, and resolution of migration aperture. Through these researches, then we can get some significant conclusions： 1. Bin-divisible processing has little influence on resolution by using the conventional geophone. 2. With high S/N in single trace, it＇s not very helpful to enhance resolution by increasing fold.3.For horizontal resolution, the method about migration aperture works better. 4. In east china area, the fold of seismic exploration between 150 and 200 has better price/performance ratio for the exploration. High fold is not necessarily enhance the quality of seismic data essentially.