甘蓝型杂交油菜不育株产量效应的研究

Study on Yield Effect of Sterility Plants of Hybrid Rape(Brassica napus L.)

本研究以遗传标记杂交油菜组合及其不育系为材料,以不同不育株率、施氮量、播种期为处理,研究了甘蓝型杂交油菜不育株的产量效应。同时,还调查了大面积移栽和直播条件下不育株的产量表现。结果表明：不育株比正常杂种植株的单株角果数、每果粒数、单株产量均显著降低。在不同不育株率情况下,不育株单株产量2007年减产38.89%～50.00%;2008年减产55.34%～65.80%。不同施氮量情况下,不育株单株产量减产41.83%～76.34%。不同播种期情况下,不育株单株产量2007年减产50%～58.76%,2008年减产50.40%～58.04%。大面积移栽种植不育株减产47.28%,大面积直播不育株减产45.33%。以上试验不同处理不育株减产幅度为38.89%～76.34%,总体平均减产54.61%。结果还显示：随着施氮量的增加,不育株减产幅度降低;随着播期的推迟,不育株减产幅度增大。

With hybrid rape combinations with genetic marker and their sterility plants as materials,the effects of different infertility rate,the amount of nitrogen and sowing time on the yields of their sterility plants from hybrid rapes were studied.At the same time,the effects of large-area transplanting and direct seeding models on the yields of the sterile plants were investigated.The results showed that the number of pods per plant,the number of seeds per pod and the yield per plant of the sterile plant hybrids were lower than the normal plant.When the sterile plant rate was different,the yield of sterile plant was reduced by 38.89 %-50.00 % in 2007,and,in next year,the yield was reduced by 55.34 %-65.80 %.When nitrogen application rate was different,the production of per sterile plant was reduced by 41.83 %-76.34 %.When sowing time was different,the sterile plant yield per plant was reduced by 50 %-58.76 % in 2007 and,in the next year,the sterile plant yield per plant was reduced by 50.40 %-58.04 %.The yield of the sterile plant that was transplanted in large area was reduced by 47.28 %.The yield of the sterile plant directly sown in large area was reduced by 45.33 %.Moreover,with the increase of the nitrogen application rate,the yield reduction range of the sterile plant became lower,and with the postponement of sowing date,the reduction range of the sterile yield became big.