云南甘蔗创新亲本的遗传力和配合力研究

Research on Heritability and Combining Ability of Creation Parents in Yunnan Sugarcane

本文选用11个云南甘蔗创新亲本与国内外常用亲本杂交,配制组合26个,研究了云南甘蔗创新亲本有性杂交世代主要性状的遗传效应。结果表明,云南甘蔗创新亲本及组合选配方式对后代的影响存在显著差异;对主要性状遗传力贡献的大小为组合(86.7%)>父本(79.3%)>母本(58.4%);后代主要性状的遗传力大小顺序为锤度>有效茎>蔗产量>茎径>糖产量>株高;在11个云南甘蔗创新亲本中,云瑞03-417、云瑞99-113、云蔗97-84和云蔗03-97等作为母本,云蔗71-790、云蔗89-351、云蔗94-343和云瑞99-151等作为父本后代糖产量、蔗产量或锤度的一般配合力大,可分别作为高产或高糖母本和父本加以利用;云蔗03-97×ROC10、CP72-1210×云89-351、CP77-1776×云瑞99-151、CP84-1198×云蔗91-790、粤糖93-159×云蔗94-343、云瑞99-151×PS45和云瑞99-155×内江86-117等组合后代蔗、糖产量及锤度表现佳,特殊配合力(SCA)强。

Twenty six combinations were selected between eleven Yunnan creation sugarcane parents and commonly used parents.Heredity effects of main traits of sexual generation of the creation parents were studied in this paper.The result indicated that effects on offspring by male,female and combination were significant difference.The contribution sequence of broad-sense heritability on offspring was combination（86.7 %）〉 male（79.3 %）〉 female（58.4 %）,sequence of main traits broad-sense heritability was brix 〉 millable stalk 〉 cane yield 〉 diameter 〉 sugar yield 〉 plant height.Among the 11 creation parents,following clones with high general combining ability（GCA）,Yunrui03-417,Yunrui99-113,Yunzhe97-84 and Yunzhe03-97 could be excellent female parents,Yunzhe71-790,Yunzhe89-351,Yunzhe94-343 and Yunrui99-151 could be excellent male parents,offsprings generated from above mentioned parents respectively could be expected to be of fine performances.And the ones from combinations Yunzhe03-97×ROC10,CP72-1210×Yunzhe89-351,CP77-1776×Yunrui99-151,CP84-1198×Yunzhe91-790,Yuetang93-159×Yunzhe94-343,Yunrui99-151×PS45 and Yunrui99-155×Neijiang86-117 could be expected to be of high sugar yield,cane yield and high sugar content and with high specific combining ability（SCA）.