海拔及栽培措施与杂交粳稻品种互作对产量性状的效应

Interaction Effects of Altitude,Cultivating Practices and Japonica Hybrid Rice Varieties on Yields and Yield Components

通过对品种、秧龄、氮肥量以及施肥方式4因素按正交试验设计L9(34)在海拔分别为1290、1650 m的蒙自和保山进行试验,研究海拔及栽培措施与杂交粳稻品种互作对产量性状的影响。结果表明,各因素在两地对供试滇型杂交粳稻的产量均有显著影响,影响程度依次为氮肥施用量>品种>施肥方式>秧龄。各组合产量及产量要素在不同海拔的两地表现出一致的增减趋势,产量较高的是第5及第8处理组合,两组合均由滇杂32构成,并且具有秧龄大、纯氮量高及二次施肥的共同特点。在不同海拔区对产量贡献比较大的因素是穗数及每穗粒数,因此在生产应用中,滇杂粳稻应选择穗数及每穗粒数较多的组合,协调好2个产量构成要素能获得高产。在试验的海拔范围内,滇杂粳稻的产量及产量性状在不同的栽培措施下均表现比较稳定,说明滇杂粳稻有较强的适应性,这为滇型杂交粳稻的推广提供理论依据。

Interaction effects of altitude,cultivating practices and Japonica hybrid rice varieties on yields and yield components were analyzed with the orthogonal experimental design of L9（34） with four variable factors,variety,seeding age,pure nitrogen and fertilize mode at Mengzi and Baoshan of Yunnan province.Altitudes of Mengzi and Baoshan are 1290 and 1650 m,respectively.The results showed that factors had significant effects on the yield of the Japonica hybrid rice at the both locations.Effects of the factors had an order as pure nitrogen 〉 variety 〉 fertilize mode 〉 seeding age.The increase and decreases tendency of yield and yield components of factor combinations were closely similar at two different altitude areas.The yields of fifth and eighth combinations are higher than that of other combinations.Two combinations were constituted by Dianza 32,and larger seeding age and higher pure nitrogen,and secondary fertilize was required.Ears and grains per ear had large contributionto the yields in both areas,so the coordination of both components should be paid attention for achieving super high yield in the Japonica hybrid rice production.Based on the identity of the trend in yield and yield components affected by factors at two different altitude areas,the Japonica hybrids had strong stability and adaptability.This could provide the theoretical basis for spreading application of hybrid Japonica rice of Dian type in production.