基本权利冲突观点评析——兼论基本权利冲突存在的空间

On the Views of the Conflicts of Fundamental Rights:A Concurrent Discussion on the Living Space of the Conflict of the Fundamental Rights

基本权利冲突是在基本权利从主观的公权逐步演变为客观的价值体系与相应的制度,特别是基本权利第三人效力适用于私人之间关系后产生的现象,无论从宪法规范层面,还是从司法实践的现实层面来看,基本权利冲突都是切实存在的。在界定基本权利冲突时,不仅要考虑到它产生的背景、根本属性,而且还要考虑到宪法和部门法的关系以及权力分立的政治原理。只有这样才能更好地认识到基本权利冲突与法律权利冲突之间的差别和基本权利冲突存在空间的有限性。

The conflicts of the fundamental rights appeared after the fundamental rights gradually had evolved from the subjective right to the objective value system and the corresponding system, especially after the effectiveness of the fundamental rights had been applied to the third parties. Conflicts of fundamental rights exit both in the constitutional norms and in the judicial practices. We should take into account, not only the background and fundamental properties of the fundamental fights, but also the relationship between the Constitution and other sectors＇ law, as well as the political principle of powers separation when we define the conflicts of the fundamental rights. That is the only way to a better understanding of the difference between the conflicts of the fundamental rights and the conflicts of legal rights, as well as the space - limitation of the conflicts of the fundamental rights.