支气管哮喘患者肺功能与转化生长因子β_1关系的研究

Study on the relation between pulmonary function and TGF-β_1 of bronchial asthma patients

目的观察哮喘患者急性发作期、缓解期的肺功能和血清转化生长因子β1(TGFβ-1))的变化,探讨其临床意义。方法对55例支气管哮喘急性发作期和50例缓解期患者作常规肺通气功能检测,同时用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)测定其血清TGFβ-1水平,并设30例健康者作为对照组。结果哮喘急性发作期、缓解期血清TGFβ-1水平均低于对照组,有统计学差异(P<0.01,P<0.05),其中急性发作期血清TGFβ-1水平明显低于缓解期和对照组(P<0.01);急性发作期肺功能指标FEV1%、FEV1/FVC明显低于缓解期和对照组(P<0.01),FEF50、FEF75在急性发作期与缓解期比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);TGFβ-1与FEV1%、FEV1/FVC、FEF50、FEF75呈显著正相关(P<0.01)。结论血清TGFβ-1降低与肺功能减退和哮喘发作有直接关系,提示TGFβ-1是反映气道炎症程度的可靠指标。反映小气道功能的FEF50、FEF75在急性发作期与缓解期变化不大,缓解期患者仍存在小气道功能异常,提示缓解期气道炎症持续存在。

Objective To observe the changes of pulmonary function and transforming growth factor beta-1 （TGF-β1） of bronchial asthma patients in acute asthmatics and stable asthmatics, and explore its clinical significance. Methods The pulmonary function of 55 acute asthmatics and 50 stable asthmatics were measured, and the serum TGF-β1 were measured with ELISA, thirty healthy persons were selected as the control group. Results The serum TGF-β1 concentrations of acute asthmatics and stable asthmatics were significantly lower than that of the control group. The differences were both statistically significant（ P 〈 0. 01 ,P 〈 0.05 ）, The serum TGF-β1 concentrations of acute asthmatics was significantly lower than those of stable asthmatics and control group （P 〈 0. 01 ）. FEV1% ,FEV1/ FVC of acute asthmatics were significantly lower than those of stable asthmatics and control group （ P 〈 0. 01 ）, FEF50,FEF75 had no significant difference between acute asthmatics and stable asthmatics（P 〉 0.05 ）. There was a positive significant correlation between the serum TGF-β1 and FEV1% ,FEV1/FVC ,FEF50,FEF75 （P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion Serum TGF-β1 level down has a direct relation with pulmonary hypofunction and asthma attack, which suggested that TGF-β1 was a reliable indicator of airway inflammation degree. The indicator of small airway function FEF 50,FEF75 had no obviously change in acute asthmatics and stable asthmatics, stable asthmatics also had small airway function disorder, which suggested that there were continuous airway inflammation in stable asthmatics.