中医“治未病”思想在慢性阻塞性肺疾病防治中的应用

The Application of the Theory of "Preventive Treatment of Disease" on Treating and Preventing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases

慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)是全球性发病率和死亡率都较高的重要呼吸系统疾病,而且因其病情反复发作,并呈进行性加重,给社会和家庭带来沉重的疾病负担,因此如何预防COPD的发生、发展,已成为一个重要的公共卫生问题。中医"治未病"思想在COPD的应用,就是要做到"未病先防,欲病救萌,既病防变,瘥后调摄,防其复发"。未病先防,就是要调养结合,注意养生;欲病救萌,就是要增强体质,预防呼吸道反复感染,戒烟,改善生活环境,避免接触COPD危险因素,治疗COPD相关疾病,预防COPD的发生;既病防变,就是要根据病情程度采取相应的治疗措施,防止其发展、传变;瘥后调摄,就是在COPD稳定期做好治疗和调理,巩固疗效,防止复发。

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD） is an important respiratory disease that has high global morbidity and mortality rates. And the repeated attack and progressive severe disease results in an heavy burden for the society and family, therefore, how to prevent the Occurrence and Development of COPD becomes an important public health problem. The application of TCM theory of ＂preventive treatment of disease＂ on COPD is ＂prevention before disease onset, rescuing disease in its germination, preventing disease from exacerbating, regulating after disease cure, and prevention disease recurrence＂. Prevention before disease onset means combining regulating and nourishing, as well as paying attention on health preservation; rescuing disease in its germination means strengthening physique, preventing the repeated infection of respiratory tract, quitting smoking, and improvement of living environment, preventing exposed to risk factors of COPD, treating related diseases of COPD, prevention the occurrence of COPD ; preventing disease from exacerbating means taking corresponding therapeutic measures based on the severities of disease to prevent its development and transmission; regulating after disease cure means treatment and regulation at stationary phase of COPD to consolidate its efficacy and prevent its recurrence.