提高我国商业银行效率的政策性思考

The Consideration on Improving the Efficiency of Chinese Commercial Banks

效率是现代商业银行核心竞争力的重要内容,对银行效率的评价主要依赖于对财务指标的考核。本文采用多元统计中的因子分析法对国内14家商业银行2008年的经营效率进行了分析。首先,通过建立盈利能力、风险管理能力、发展能力和公司治理指标体系,对商业银行的业绩进行评价;其次,通过实证分析发现,股权结构单一、规模不经济、赢利点过于单一、管理层次多环节是造成我国商业银行经营效率低下的原因;最后,本文根据实证分析结果提出了以下建议:建立科学的内部制衡机制、转变组织架构、股权结构多元化、中间业务创新和有效控制成本等。

Efficiency is one of important factors of modern commercial banks＇ core competence. Efficiency assessment mainly relies on financial indicator appraisal. This paper uses factor analysis of multivariate statistics to evaluate the operating efficiency of 14 domestic commercial banks in 2008. First, the performance of banks is evaluated by a series of indicators, such as profitability, risk management ability, development ability and corporate governance. Second, the empirical analysis finds that a single ownership structure, diseconomies of scale, single profitability point and multiple hierarchies of management are main reasons resulting to low operating efficiency of Chinese commercial banks. Finally, the paper proposes the following suggestions according to the empirical results： establishing a scientific internal balance mechanism, changing organizational structure, diversifying equity structure, innovating intermediary business and effectively controlling costs.