非城非乡、亦城亦乡、半城半乡--论中国城乡关系中的小城镇

Small Towns in Traditional Chinese "Rural-urban Continuum"

传统中国的城和乡相当和谐地结合在一起,被西方学术界称作中国社会的"城乡连续统一体"(rural-urban continuum)。组成这个统一体的重要环节——小城镇,呈现出"亦城亦乡、非城非乡、半城半乡"的状况。小城镇情结不仅在20世纪中国知识分子中普遍存在,在政治舞台上也不乏其人。1958年户口制度建立后城乡之间冻结了的关系造成了中国有史以来最大的城乡鸿沟。近30年来中国经济的飞速发展表明,当前中国的城市化正在某种程度上复活过去的城乡统一连续体,而小城镇则在其中起着一种关键作用。

Traditional Chinese cities and towns are harmoniously integrated together,which is named as 'rural-urban continuum' in western academic circles.Being an important part of the continuum,small towns assume neither exactly as a city nor a town in appearance.In 20th century,Chinese intellectuals as well as officials in politics bear a complex towards small towns for a pastoral life.The household registration system established in 1958 brings an end to the continuum,which has caused the largest ever ga Pbetween cities and towns in history.The rapid development of economy in the past 30 years has made it clear that the urbanization in China is bringing about a revival of the continuum to a certain degree and small towns will play a crucial role during the revival.