英美在对苏东国家出口控制上的冲突与合作(1961-1963)

Conflicts and Cooperation between the Great Britain and U.S. on Controlling Exports to Socialist Countries (1961-1963)

西方联盟内部对苏东国家的出口控制问题既有协调与合作,也有矛盾与冲突。美国对该问题的基本立场是坚持实行严厉的出口控制。出于安全的考虑,英国赞成对东方的战略禁运,但国家利益的差异使英国在法国等西方其他国家支持下,反对实行严厉的出口控制,美国则在相当程度上同意盟国的要求。但在肯尼迪时期,美国不断收紧出口控制的绳索,在美国的强硬立场面前,英国则逐步主动协调与美国的立场。1962年,英美在该问题上的纷争基本平息。在冷战日益加剧的情况下,美国国内不同部门之间的政策博弈在相当程度上决定了这一结果。

There were both conflicts and cooperation among the Western League on controlling exports to socialist countries in the east.The U.S.adhered to strict export control,while the Great Britain was opposed to it as it was not in the interests of the nation.It was not until 1962 the disputes between the two countries appeased.The mutual effects among different policies of state departments of America determined this result.