中苏(俄)关系的历史演进及其当前启示

The Historical Evolution of China-Soviet Union(Russia) Relations and its Significance

从中苏到中俄,从同盟、对抗到伙伴,这三种关系模式如同历史本身的有机发展一样,彼此之间有着深厚的逻辑关联。一方面,同盟和对抗模式为伙伴模式提供了极为丰厚的历史遗产,对其产生了不可割舍的内在影响和制约。另一方面,伙伴模式在20世纪90年代后之所以能够得到全面、持续而又深入地构建,是与其对同盟和对抗模式所进行的辩证继承和扬弃分不开的。

In terms of relationship models, China＇s relations with Soviet Union, and later Russia, have undergone transitions between one of allies, to one of confrontation, and more recently one of partnership. Like history which develops organically, the three stated relationship models share strong logical connections between them. On the one hand, the ally and confrontational models are legacies to the partnership model; their influences and restrictions on the latter were largely internalized. On the other hand, the development of the partnership model in the 1990s owes as much to the dialectics＇ of inheritance and abandonment of the ally and confrontation models. It is thus impossible to isolate one model from another. Given such entanglements, core and more pertinent research questions appear to be： what has the current China-Russia partnership model inherited and abandoned from its predecessor models？ What are the innovations of the latest model？ With a view from history to the present, what form of scientific recognition should scholars attach to this partnership model？ These questions can only be clarified with the historical assessment of the internal logics between the ＂ally-confrontation-partnership＂ relationship models.