北京大型建筑工地农民工性行为与艾滋病知识知晓率相关性研究

Study on AIDS related knowledge and behaviors among migrant workers at large construction sites in Beijing

目的了解农民工性行为与艾滋病防治知识知晓率的相关性,为制定大城市建筑工地农民工艾滋病防治策略提供科学依据。方法对北京市2家大型建筑工地的农民工开展问卷调查,进行统计学描述。结果调查的371名农民工中,知晓艾滋病的187人(50.40%),不知晓的184人(49.6%)。有固定性伴(配偶或女朋友)的农民工、找女性性服务者的农民工和有临时性伴的农民工,其艾滋病知识知晓率分别为47.37%、66.67%和50%;每次均使用安全套的比例分别为5.26%、66.67%和25%;找女性性服务者和找临时性伴发生性行为与艾滋病知晓率之间差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.38,P>0.01)。艾滋病知识是否知晓与是否找女性性服务者和临时性伴之间没有相关性。但对艾滋病知识知晓的农民工在高危性行为时,安全套的使用率要明显高于不知晓的农民工(χ2=41.28,P<0.005)。存在以异性为主(1.35%)及同性为主(0.54%)的性取向。结论农民工中艾滋病防治知识知晓率低,存在艾滋病知识和发生高危险性行为的分离现象;应关注农民工中男男性行为的现象。应在农民工中采取同伴教育等多种形式,加大宣传艾滋病防治知识,推广安全套的使用,以减少危险性行为的发生。

Objective To study the relationship between sex behaviors and the rate of AIDS related knowledge among migrant workers at large construction sites in Beijing so as to provide scientific basis for AIDS prevention and control among them. Method From August to November of 2007, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 371 migrant workers from two large construction sites in Beijing and statistical description was made accordingly. Results The rate of AIDS related knowledge among the surveyed migrant workers was 50. 40% , and the rate of noknowledge among them was 49.6%. The awareness rate of AIDS prevention among the workers who had regular sex--partners （spouses or girl friends）, had sex with commercial sex workers and had casual sex--partners was 47.37% , 66.67% and 50% respectively, the rate of using condom in each sex activity among these 3 worker groups was 5.26%, 66.67% and 25%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the rate of knowledge between those who looked for commercial sex workers and those who had casual sex--partners （x^2 = 0.38, P〉0.01）. But the rate of condom use during high risk sex behavior among the migrant workers who were aware of AIDS related knowledge was higher than among those who were unaware of such knowledge; there was sexual orientation to heterosexuality （1.35 %） and homosexuality （0.54 %）. Conclusion The awareness rate of AIDS prevention among migrant workers is low, and the high AIDS related knowledge may not necessarily be accompanied with tow rate of high risk sex behaviors. The rate of condom use during the high risk sex behavior among those who were aware of AIDS knowledge is higher, and due attention should be paid to male homosexuality among them. Methods of peer education and other effective approaches to advocate AIDS/STD prevention and control among migrant construction workers should be adopted to promote condom use and to decrease risk behaviors.