基于遗传算法的供水管网优化设计研究

Research of two-step optimization for optimal of water distribution system

从经济性和可靠性角度出发,应用数学建模与最优化理论,对城市供水管网优化设计进行了系统的研究.通过对已有管网优化设计数学模型的分析,提出了以经济性和可靠性为目标函数的多目标优化数学模型.建模过程中,将系统可靠性定义为"节点富余水头加权平均值"和"管网恢复力",使对管网系统可靠性的评价更加直观和定量化.同时将管网年费用作为经济性衡量指标;管径组合方案优化采用遗传算法进行求解;编制了相应计算程序,对某一管网进行优化设计.研究结果表明由该方法产生的优化设计方案在经济性、水力性和可靠性方面均好于传统设计方案.

This paper studies on optimization of water distribution system from the view of economy and reliability. By analysis on existing design modes, presents a multi-objective model based on economy and reliability. In the process of setting up the model, the reliability of water distribution system is defined as ＂weighted mean of nodal extra pressure＂ and ＂pipe network resilience＂ in order to make it easy and straight forward to evaluate the reliability of it. At the same time, the annual cost is used as the economical characteristic. GA is used to get a reasonable combination of pipe size. The result shows that optimization technique is better than the traditional design on the aspects of convergence and calculation efficiency.