家庭教养方式对海南省青少年吸毒行为的影响

Impact of parental rearing pattern on adolescent's drug taking behavior in Hainan province

目的:探索吸毒青少年家庭的教养方式、亲密度以及适应性的特点。方法:采用父母教养方式评价量表(EMBU)及家庭亲密度和适应性量表(中文版)(FACESII-CV)对330例吸毒青少年进行评定。结果:在教养方式方面,与对照组相比,吸毒青少年的父母的情感温暖因子评分较低,父亲的惩罚严厉及母亲的过度干涉、过度保护因子评分较高(P<0.05)。在亲密度和适应性方面,吸毒青少年家庭的实际亲密度、实际适应性、理想亲密度和理想适应性均比对照组低(P<0.01)。吸毒青少年的家庭表现为低亲密度、低情感表达、低控制性以及高矛盾性(P<0.01)。结论:吸毒青少年家庭在教养方式、亲密度以及适应性方面存在的问题,对青少年吸毒行为的形成具有重要的影响作用。

Objective ： To investigate the parental rearing pattern, adaptability and cohesion of drug taking teenagers＇family. Method： Three hundred and thirty adolescent drug users were evaluated with Egma Minnen av Bardndosnauppforstran （EMBU） and Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale （Chinese Version） （FACESII-CV）. Result： Compared with normal controls, the score of the parental emotional warmth factor was lower, while the scores of the punishment from father, over interference and over protection from mother were higher than the control group （P 〈 0.05）. The real and ideal scores of the family adaptability and cohesion in the study group were all lower than that of the control group （P 〈0.01 ）. The scores of factors of the cohesion,expressiveness and control of the adolescent drug use dependence were lower, but the score of conflict was higher （ P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion ： There are problems of parental rearing pattern, adaptability and cohesion in the drug taking teenagers family which has the important negative effects on adolescent＇s drug taking behaviors.