关中地区城市生态位及动态变化研究

Study on City Niche and It's Dynamics in Guanzhong Region

运用生态位理论分析区域内城市间的竞争程度及变化情况。采用生态位宽度模型、重叠度模型,计算1984年和2004年两个时期关中地区各城市生态位宽度和生态位重叠度,并对比分关中城市竞争力变化。结果表明:(1)生态位可以用来表征城市竞争能力;(2)1984年关中地区城市生态位宽度窄,且重叠度高,城市竞争激烈;2004年城市生态位宽度大大加宽,重叠度较低,城市竞争缓和;关中地区各城市产业结构逐渐合理,生态位宽度增大,重叠度减小,城市间竞争程度大幅下降。

Based on niche theory to reflect the competition among the cities and the change of it, taking Guanzhong Region as an example, niche widths and niche overlaps of four cities in 1984 and 2004 are computed based on niche width model and niche overlap model. The analysis and comparison show that ： （ 1 ） Niche can be used to show the competition capacity; （2） In 1984,the widths of the four cities in Guanzhong Region are narrow and niche o verlaps are high, and the competition is severe. While in 2004, the widths of the four cities in Guanzhong Region in crease ,the niche overlaps decrease and the competition is not so severe, which show that the industry structure in Guanzhong Region gets more rational, and niche widths of four cities widened and niche overlaps of four cities decrease and the competition among them decreases.