髋臼骨折的内固定手术治疗

Internal Fixation Surgery Treatment of Acetabular Fracture

髋臼具有复杂的解剖特点,一旦发生骨折,如坐骨神经损伤,股骨头坏死,髋关节创伤性关节炎等并发症发生率高,治疗困难,致残率较高,一直是临床研究的热点。目前,临床上将髋臼骨折按Letourne、lAO进行分类,多采用手术治疗移位的髋臼骨折,手术方法多选用内固定术,材料用螺钉、可吸收螺钉、克氏针、骨盆重建钢板螺钉等,可明显改善关节功能,降低致残率,很大程度上改善患者的生活质量。现对髋臼骨折的分类、内固定手术适应证、手术入路、手术方法及并发症防治进行综述,以期能给临床工作者提供便捷的参考。

The acetabulum has the complex dissection characteristic,once has the bone fracture,the complication rate are high such as sciatic nerve damage,femoral head necrosis,articulatio coxae wound and so on,the treatment are difficult,crippling rate is high,has been the hot spot of clinical research.At present,it will classify the acetabulum bone fracture according to Letournel,AO in clinical,adopt operation to treat the dislocated fracture of acetabulum,the surgery method selects internal fixation,the material use bolt,Kirschner wire,steel screw,may improve the joint function obviously,reduce crippling rate,life quality.Presently the acetabulum bone fracture＇s classification,the adaption of internal fixation,the operative approach,the surgery method and the complication prevention will be summarized to provide the convenient reference to the clinical worker.