性别和体质量指数对儿童血压及轨迹的影响

Influence of Sexual and Body Mass Index to Children′s Blood Pressure and Blood Pressure Tracking

目的探讨性别和体质量指数对儿童血压及其轨迹的影响。方法选取6～8岁小学一年级学生1580例,男858例,女722例,测定血压、身高、体质量,随访3年,分析性别和体质量指数对儿童血压及轨迹的影响。结果全部受测者初复测血压密切相关,收缩压(SBP)的相关系数为0.370,舒张压(DBP)的为0.220。男性组SBP和DBP初复测值密切相关(SBP、DBP的相关系数分别为0.638、0.391,均P<0.01),且相关系数高于女性组(SBP、DBP的相关系数分别为0.108、0.112,P<0.01)。男性组SBP在血压偏低组、正常组、偏高组原百分位数维持率分别为61%、73%、65%,显著高于女性(27%、47%、31%),均P<0.01;体质量指数与血压密切相关,但是体质量指数的变化与血压的变化相关性较弱,排除了体质量指数的影响后,初复测血压的相关系数差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论6～8岁儿童男性血压轨迹现象比女性显著,体质量指数与血压密切相关,但是儿童血压的轨迹现象不受体质量指数影响,受遗传因素调节的可能性大。

Objective To study the influence of sexual and Body Mass Index（BMI）to Blood Pressure（BP）and Blood Pressure Tracking（BPT）in children.Methods A cohort of grade 1 students（age 68,858 boys and 722 girls）had been followed for three years.Blood pressure,weight,high were determined annually.The influence of BMI to BP and BPT was done.Results The correlative coefficant of all children is in agreement with result of the other investigation.The systolic blood pressure（SBP）of grade 1 and grade 3 are highly correlated and significant（correlative coefficient r=0.370,P〈0.01）.Diastolic blood pressure（DBP）are also correlated（r=0.220,P〈0.01）.The boy′s SBP are highly correlated and significant（r= 0.638,P〈0.01）.DBP are also correlated in boy（r=0.391,P〈0.01）.SBP and DBP are correlate in girl（SBP r=0.108,DBP r=0.112,P〈0.01）.The Correlative coefficients of every component among boys are obviously higher than those girl′s（P〈0.01）.The SBP of boy percentile maintain in same BP group（percentile maintain in group of lower,normal,higher is 61%、73%、65%）are significant higher than that of girl（percentile maintain in group of lower,normal,higher is 27%、47%、31%,P〈0.01）.BMI and BP are highly correlate.The variance of BP and variance of BMI have lowly correlate.The observed associations do not change after adjusting for BMI（P〉0.05）.Conclusion The children of age 6～8,BPT in boys is more obvious than that in girls.The BP can be influenced by BMI,but the BPT in childhood is not influenced by BMI.BPT may be influenced by heredity.