元素周期表中元素单晶基于局域密度理论的正电子寿命计算

Calculation of positron lifetime of single crystals of elements of the periodic table with the theory of local density approximation

在局域密度近似理论(LDA)的基础上用中性原子叠加模型和有限插分方法(SNA-FD)计算了元素周期表中各种元素单晶的正电子体寿命和单空位寿命.分析了不同结构的单晶中自由正电子的分布信息和湮没信息.元素单晶的正电子寿命计算值与文献中的实验测量值相符合,表明LDA基础上的SNA-FD方法可以作为单晶中正电子湮没理论计算的有效研究手段.

On the basis of local density approximation, superposed-neutral-atom model and the finite-difference method （SNA-FD） are used to calculate the positron bulk lifetime and positron monovacancy lifetime in crystals of elements of the periodic table. The distribution of positron wavefunction and positron annihilation rate are analyzed. The calculated results of positron bulk lifetime in elementary substance agree well with the experiment results in literatures, which shows that the method of SNA-FD is an effective method in the study of positron annihilation in elementary substance.