英国私立教会中小学发展状况与特色研究

Study on the Development and Characteristics of English Private Church School

在英国的私立中小学中,基于种族或宗教原因而产生的私立教会学校在基础教育中扮演着特殊的角色。以英国私立教会中小学中较有代表性的私立穆斯林学校和基督教福音派学校为例,多元文化主义与右翼势力的合力决定了前者的历史轨迹,财政难题则成为后者由盛转衰的关键。穆斯林学校最显著的特点在于坚持男女分校等穆斯林传统,以此保持自己的民族宗教特征并进而培养穆斯林儿童的自信;基督教福音派学校的最重要特点则在于其将宗教贯穿于学校生活的各个层面,将基督教教义、基督教文化融入到知识道理中传递给学生。然而由于资金、政策等问题的制约,导致私立教会学校在发展中存在着软硬件各方面的困境,政府扶持是改善这种状况的关键所在。

There are some private church schools, which came into being due to ethnic or religious reasons among English independent schools, playing specific role in English basic education. Taking the representative private Muslim schools and new Christian schools for example, multiculturalism and right wing force composition determined the historical track of the former, while financial problems influenced the development of the latter. However, the development of private church schools is restricted by finance and policies and they face the obstacles of hardware and software. Therefore, the government support is very essential for the development of the private church schools.