全球大气气候异常位势高度场的时空结构分析

Analysis on Spatial-Temporal Structures of Climatic Anomalies for Global Atmospheric Geopotential Height Fields

用半球气候异常场强度（Ia）及球函数分析改进方案，分析了NCEP／NCAR再分析项目的全球40年月平均气候异常高度场的时空结构，并分析了对流层下、上部半球平均气温异常的年际变化，结果表明，全球Ia存在明显的时（季节）空（高度、半球）差异；构造出三组参数高度概括地给出地球大气位势高度场异常环流球函数谱结构的基本特点；通过球函数展开的某些系数与半球500hPa等压面平均高度异常成正比，也近似与大气下半部（半球）平均温度成正比，揭示出不同层次大气平均温度异常的年际变化及其与热带海洋SSTA的关系。

Using the hemispherical climate anomaly height field intensity and improved scheme of spherical function analysis, the spatial-temporal Structures of 40 years monthly mean temperature of global climatic anomalies height fields from NCEPENCAR reanalyzes data and the inter-annual changes of anomalies for average temperature of atmospheric in upper troposphere and lower troposphere were analysised . It is concluded that, the hemispherical climate anomaly height field intensity had striking spatialtemporal difference; Three groups of parameters can sum up the characteristics of spherical function spectrum structure for global atmospheric geopotential anomalies height fields. Through spherical function coefficients are proportional to the anomalies of hemispherical 500hPa hemispherical average height fields and hemispherical average temperature of lower Atmospheric, The relationship between the inter-annual changes of anomalies for average temperature of atmospheric in different layer and SSTA of tropical seas has been showed.