土家族烧龙习俗的文化生态变迁与体育价值——湘西马颈坳镇的田野调查报告

Cultural and ecological transformation and sports value of the paper dragon burning custom of people of Tujia nationality——A field investigation report on Ma Jing-ao Town in Xiangxi

运用文献资料调研、田野实地调查、历史过程比较,对土家族烧龙习俗的仪式过程、文化生态变迁以及体育价值等方面展开研究。研究结果表明:20世纪80年代后,土家族烧龙习俗在当地政府的引导下,逐渐由祛灾祈福向休闲娱乐的社会功能转型,体育价值逐渐呈现。土家族烧龙习俗是土家人体育传承的纽带,是尚武精神的遗存和精诚团结的象征,在社会发展中起到了重要的安全阀作用。

By using methods such as literature research, field investigation and historical course comparison, the authors comprehensively studied the ritual process, cultural and ecological transformation and sports value of the paper dragon burning custom of people of Tujia nationality, and revealed the following findings： since the 1980s, the paper dragon burning custom of people of Tujia nationality has, under the guidance of the local government, gradually transformed from a wish making ritual to a ritual with leisure and entertaining social functions, and its sports value has gradually shown. The paper dragon burning custom of people of Tujia nationality is the umbilical cord to inherit the sports of people of Tujia nationality, the symbol of the relic of martialism and the spirit of unification, playing an important safety value role in social development.