鄂东水稻氮磷钾肥施用效果及推荐施肥量研究

Study on the Application Effects of N,P and K Fertilizers on Rice and the Recommended Fertilizer Amount in Eastern Hubei

利用＂3414＂田间肥效试验,研究了氮、磷、钾肥对水稻产量及经济效益的影响,分析肥料的利用效率,并通过配置肥效模型确定最佳施肥量。结果表明：合理施用氮、磷、钾肥能够产生显著的增产增收效果,稻谷最高增产分别达1538 kg/hm^2、1488 kg/hm^2和1325 kg/hm^2,纯增收入分别为1751元/hm^2、2078元/hm^2和1385元/hm^2;随着氮、磷、钾肥施用量的增加,3种肥料的农学利用率和偏生产力均呈显著的下降趋势;N、P2O5、K2O最佳施用量分别为128.8 kg/hm^2、82.4 kg/hm^2和89.1 kg/hm^2,最佳产量范围是7002-7088 kg/hm^2。

The effects of N,P and K fertilizers amounts on the yield and economic benefit of rice were studied by＇3414＇ fertilizer efficiency experiment,the fertilizer use efficiencies were analyzed,and the optimum fertilizer amount was determined.The results indicated that the rational application of N,P and K fertilizers could significantly increase the yield and economic benefit,the yield increased by 1 538 kg/hm^2,1 488 kg/hm^2 and 1 325 kg/hm^2,respectively,the net income increased by 1 751 yuan per hectare,2 078 yuan per hectare and 1 385 yuan per hectare,respectively.With the increase of N,P and K fertilizers amounts,their agronomic efficiencies and bias productive forces decreased significantly.The optimum amount of N,P2O5 and K2O fertilizers was 128.8 kg/hm^2,82.4 kg/hm^2 and 89.1 kg/hm^2,respectively,and the optimum yield was from 7 002 kg/hm^2 to 7 088 kg/hm^2.