莲纤维微观结构分析

Analysis on microstructure of lotus fibers

为进一步认识莲纤维的微观结构,通过扫描电子显微镜、红外光谱和X射线衍射等测试方法,研究天然莲纤维的形态结构、微观结构和聚集态结构。莲纤维的纵向呈带状螺旋状转曲,有清晰的细微横纹,并且是由多根单丝纤维缔合组成的束纤维。莲单丝纤维的横截面呈圆形或近似圆形。当被外力抽取拉伸后,莲单丝纤维截面变小,由多根单丝纤维组成的束纤维形态变化为较复杂的形状。莲纤维主要成分为纤维素,属于典型纤维素Ⅰ结构,其结晶度为48%,取向度为60%。

To understand the microstructure of lotus fibers, the morphological structure, microstructure and aggregation structure of natural lotus fibers were investigated by scanning electron microscope, infrared spectra, X-ray diffraction analysis and so on. The lotus fiber, showing ribbon spiral revolving structure vertically, has clearly imperceptible cross striation, and is bundle fiber composed of many monofils. The transverse section of lotus monofil is circular or similar circular. When drew and stretched by outside force, the transverse section of lotus monofil will become smaller and the shape complex. The crystalline structure of the lotus fiber chiefly consists of cellulose, and is representative cellulose I structure, with the crystallinity of 48% and the orientation degree of 60 %.