季铵化溶胶稳定性影响因素及其抗菌性能

Factors affecting stability and antibacterial properties of quaternary ammonium sol

为改善棉织物的抗菌性能,采用溶胶凝胶法将季铵盐整理到织物表面。以正硅酸乙酯、乙醇为原料,盐酸为催化剂,季铵盐为添加剂制备阳离子季铵化溶胶。探讨酸、水、溶剂乙醇与前驱体正硅酸乙酯的物质的量比和反应温度对阳离子溶胶稳定性的影响。结果表明:盐酸用量增大,反应温度升高,溶胶的黏度增大,离心稳定性降低;随着体系水量的增加,溶胶的黏度先增大后减小,离心稳定性先降低后升高;乙醇用量增大,溶胶的黏度降低,离心稳定性提高。经溶胶整理后的织物对金黄色葡萄球菌表现出良好的杀菌性能且具有较好的耐水洗性。

The cotton fabric was treated with quaternary ammonium salt by sol-gel method in order to improve its antibacterial property. Cationic quaternized sol was synthesized from tetraethoxysilane （TEOS）, ethanol with hydrochloric acid as catalyst and quaternary ammonium salt as additive. The effects of the ratio of acid, water, solvent ethanol and TEOS, and reaction temperature on the stability of cationic sol were studied. The results showed that the increase of the acid concentration and temperature increased the viscosity of the sol and decreased its centrifugal stability. With the increase of water in the system, the viscosity of the sol firstly increased and then decreased, while the centrifugal stability firstly droped and then rose. The viscosity of the sol decreased and the centrifugal stability increased considerably with increasing of the amount of ethanol. fabric treated with the sol showed good antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and also remained antibacterial effect after many washing cycles.