文明与自然的对立:杰弗斯诗歌生态思想探索

The Antithesis Between Civilization and Nature:Explorations into the Ecological Thoughts in Jeffers' Poetry

在现代美国诗坛中,罗宾逊.杰弗斯以其独特的诗歌思想而著称。这种独特性主要体现在他的诗歌突出地反映了他对现代文明的极度绝望以及对大自然的无限崇尚。在杰弗斯诗歌中,现代文明与大自然是鲜明对立的:现代文明是庸俗、腐朽和堕落的渊薮,而大自然却是纯洁、美丽、生机与活力的化身。因此他在诗歌中一方面强烈谴责现代文明,并倡导人们远离文明社会,另一方面热情讴歌大自然,并呼吁人们重返自然、融入自然。在批判现代文明、呼吁人们回归自然的同时,杰弗斯诗歌也反映出他对生态整体观与人类生态责任的高度重视。因此,杰弗斯的诗歌是蕴含着他自觉、系统的生态思想的。

In the circle of modem American poets, Robinson Jeffers is well-known for the unique thoughts reflected in his poetry and this uniqueness lies in the fact that his poetry prominently reflects his exceeding despair about modem civilization and boundless adoration of nature. In Jeffers＇ s poetry, modem civilization and nature stand in sharp contrast ： modem civilization is the breeding ground for vulgarity, decadence and degeneration, while nature is the incarnation of purity, beauty, liveliness and vigor. Therefore, in his poetry, be on the one hand strongly condemns modem civilization and urges people to go away from it, and on the other hand enthusiastically sings the praises of nature, persuades human beings to return to nature and become part of it. While criticizing modem civilization and persuading human beings to return to nature, Jeffers＇ s poetry also reflects his great emphasis on ecological holism and human beings＇ ecological obligations. Therefore, Jeffers＇ s poetry contains his conscious and systematic ecological thoughts.