形式主义与历史主义的弥合——海登·怀特历史诗学的跨学科视野

The Integration of Formalism and Historicism——A Multidisciplinary Perspective of Hayden White's Historical Poetics

形式主义与历史主义作为两种批评方法从某种程度上呈现出尖锐的矛盾,但怀特通过"文学性"策略使这对极其矛盾的批评方法在其历史诗学中获得了奇妙的统一:其历史著述的文本属性弥合了历史文本与文学文本;其历史文本的存在方式弥合了"外部研究"与"内部研究";其历史诗学的建构形态弥合了诗性预设与理性阐释。通过实现形式主义与历史主义的弥合,怀特的历史诗学成为跨学科的典范。

As two critical methods, formalism and historicism are in conflict with each other. However, Hayden White uses his literary strategy to make both contradictory criticisms integrated into a surprising unity in his historical poetics. The textuality of his historical works unites the historicality and literariness; his historical texts are combined with external and internal study; his construction of historical poetics is connected with poetical presupposition and theoretical explanation. Through the integration of formalism and historicism, White＇s historical poetics seems typical of muhidisciplinary study.