安徽省1993～1997年非脊髓灰质炎急性弛缓性麻痹病例流行病学分析

Epidemiological Analyses on Non-Polio Acute Flaccid Paralysis Cases During 1993- l997 in Anhui Province

对安征省１９９３～１９９７年非脊髓灰质炎（脊灰）急性弛缓性麻痹（ＡＦＰ）病例进行了流行病学分析。结果显示，安徽省自１９９４年以来，非脊灰ＡＦＰ病例报告发病率一直在１／１０万以上，１９９３～１９８７年全省有半数的地区、市非脊灰ＡＦＰ病例年平均报告发病率达到１／１０万。非脊灰ＡＦＰ病例构成比，除了病因不明又无残留麻痹和其它非脊灰ＡＦＰ病例（指周期性麻痹、单瘫、肌病等），非脊灰肠道病毒（ＮＰＥＶ）感染、创伤性神经炎和格林巴利综合征（ＧＢＳ）依次为前三位，ＧＢＳ年平均发病率只有０．０８／１０万。非脊灰ＡＦＰ病例主要发生在０～４岁儿童，有明显的季节性分布，男性多于女性。提示我省仍然存在着监测薄弱地区和病例漏报现象，今后应继续加强ＡＦＰ病例监测，尤其在流行季节，并且重点侧重于小年龄儿童；抓好常规免疫，开展强化免疫，重点是流动儿童、超生儿童及偏远地区儿童；继续对临床医生加强培训，提高他们的报病意识及对ＡＦＰ病例的病因诊断能力，提高临监测系统的质量。

This paper analyzed the non-polio acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) cases from 1993 to l997 in Anhui Province.The results showed that the non -polio AFP case report rate has been over 1/l00, 000 in Anhui Province since 1994and the annual average report rate reached 1/l00, 000 duringl993 - l997 in half of the prefectures and cities of the province. Non-polio enterovirus infection,traumatic neuritis and the Guillian-Barre syndsrome (GBS) were the first three diseases except the causeless without residual palsy and the other non-polil AFP cases (periodic paralysis,monoplegia,myopathy,etc.)The annual average in - cidence of GBSwas0.08/l00, 000. The non-polio AFP cases occurred mainly among the children aged 0 - 4 years, which had obvious seasonal distribution and higher incidence in male than in female The above analyses indicate that there are poor surveillance areas andnon-reported AFP cases in Anhui.So we ought to strengthen AFP surveillance continually especially in the prevalentselson and among the children under 4 years of age .Routine immunization and NIDs should be strengthened and conducted continually especially to floating the children and the children beyond the family plan .In addition ,it is necessary to train the clinicians,which can improve not only their consciousness of reporting AFP cases, bur also their knowledge of identifying ATP cases,finally improve the quality of the AFP surveillance system.