摘要
一氧化氮(NO)是重要的生物信息分子和效应分子,在心血管系统可①调节血管张力、血压、器官血流量;②抑制白细胞粘附于内皮;③抑制平滑肌细胞增殖、迁移;④降低血管通透性;⑤影响心肌收缩性;⑥抑制血小板聚集和粘附,阻滞动脉粥样硬化的发生、发展,从而达到心血管保护作用。大部分绝经前女性较少患冠脉病变,但停经后冠脉病变迅速增加,这种保护作用的丧失是由于内源性雌激素的缺乏。绝经后妇女采用雌激素替代治疗后冠脉事件明显减少。雌激素可能通过NO直接调节血管内皮及平滑肌功能,达到心血管保护作用。
Nitric oxide (NO), an important biologi-cal messenger and effective factor, has been proved to offercardioprotective benefits through the followings: a) modu-late blood vessel tone, blood pressure, and velocity ofblood flowing through organs; b) prevent leukocyte fromadhering to endothelium; c) inhibit proliferation and mi-gration of vascular smooth muscle cells; d) decrease per-meability of vessel; e) modulate contractility of myocardi-um; f) inhibit platelet aggregation and adhesion, thus slowprocedure of atherosclerosis. Most premenopause womenare less vulnerable to coronary artery disease (CAD),while postmenopause women have high risk of CAD, it wasbelieved that the reason was cardioprotection diminishedbecause of endogenous estrogen insufficient. Coronaryevents can be significantly decreased after estrogen re-placement treatment in postmenopause women with CAD.Cardioprotection from estrogen may be obtained throughmodulating function of endothelium and smooth musclecells by increasing release of NO.
