对当前城市总规公众问卷调查热的冷思考

Consideration on Public Questionnaire Survey Used in the Master Plan

当前我国城市总体规划编制日益兴起的"公众问卷调查热",正面临着几个方面的困境:1)调查面面俱到,缺乏针对性,对规划编制的作用十分有限;2)问卷的问题设计存在诸多弊病,无法解决实际问题;3)对问卷调查的使用比较盲目,调查多流于形式。究其原因,问卷调查方法自身的局限性导致调查作用有限;而公众参与途径的匮乏、城市规划核心理论的缺失和科学性的不足则是问卷调查被热捧和滥用的根源。针对这些问题,应从完善公众参与制度、完善基础资料收集制度、加强理论研究、针对专题开展调查、改良问卷设计与实施等方面进行相应改进。

The public questionnaire survey, which is becoming more and more popular in urban master planning in current China, is now confronted with several plights. （1） The survey covers every field yet without pertinence, which plays a limited role in master planning; （2） There are many disadvantages in questions design, which makes it unable to solve practical problems, and （3） Questionnaire survey is usually utilized blindly with the investigation a mere formality. The reason for the plights mentioned-above is the limitation of questionnaire survey method itself, which may led to the limitations of investigation functions. On the other hand, shortage of public participation means, lack of core theory in urban planning and inadequate scientificalness are the root causes of questionnaire investigation hot and abuse. In response to these problems, improving measures should be carried out in perfecting public participation system, improving basic data collection system, strengthening the theoretical research, investigation on special topic, improving questionnaire design and implementation.